@c %**end of header
@ifinfo
+@direntry
+* tinc: (tinc). The tinc Manual.
+@end direntry
This is the info manual for tinc, a Virtual Private Network daemon.
Because the tunnel appears to the IP level network code as a normal
network device, there is no need to adapt any existing software.
-This tunneling allows VPN sites to share information with eachother
+This tunneling allows VPN sites to share information with each other
over the Internet without exposing any information to others.
This document is the manual for tinc. Included are chapters on how to
more than just one way.
@cindex private
-For instance, a VPN can consist of a single standalone ethernet LAN. Or
-even two computers hooked up using a nullmodem cable@footnote{Though
-discussable, I think it qualifies as a VPN.}. In these cases, it is
+For instance, a VPN can consist of a single stand-alone ethernet LAN. Or
+even two computers hooked up using a null-modem cable@footnote{Though
+discuss-able, I think it qualifies as a VPN.}. In these cases, it is
obvious that the network is @emph{private}. But there is another type
of VPN, the type tinc was made for.
worse, alter data. Hence it's probably advisable to encrypt the data
that flows over the network.
-`
+
@c ==================================================================
@node tinc, , VPNs, Introduction
@section tinc
I really don't quite remember what got us started, but it must have been
Guus' idea. He wrote a simple implementation (about 50 lines of C) that
-used the @emph{ethertap} device that linux knows of since somewhere
+used the @emph{ethertap} device that Linux knows of since somewhere
about kernel 2.1.60. It didn't work immediately and he improved it a
bit. At this stage, the project was still simply called @samp{vpnd}.
@cindex tincd
tinc now supports encryption, it consists of a single daemon (tincd) for
-both the receiving and sending end, it hase becom largely
+both the receiving and sending end, it has become largely
runtime-configurable---in short, it has become a full-fledged
professional package.
The permissions now will be such that only the super user may read/write
to this file. You'd want this, because otherwise eavesdropping would
-become a tad too easy. This does, however, imply that you'd have to run
+become a bit too easy. This does, however, imply that you'd have to run
tincd as root.
If you want to, you may also create more device files, which would be
@subsubheading @file{/etc/networks}
-You may add a line to @file{/etc/networks} so that your vpn will get a
-symoblic name. For example:
+You may add a line to @file{/etc/networks} so that your VPN will get a
+symbolic name. For example:
@example
myvpn 10.0.0.0
@subsubheading @file{/etc/services}
You may add this line to @file{/etc/services}. The effect is that you
-may supply a @samp{vpn} as a valid port number to some programs. The
+may supply a @samp{tinc} as a valid port number to some programs. The
number 655 is registered with the IANA.
@example
use. It should be the same @emph{n} as the one you use for
@file{/dev/tap@emph{n}}. The @emph{xx}s are four hexadecimal numbers
(0--ff). With previous versions of tincd, it didn't matter what they
-were. But newer kernels require properly set up ehternet addresses.
-In fact, the old behaviour was wrong. It is required that the @emph{xx}s
+were. But newer kernels require properly set up ethernet addresses.
+In fact, the old behavior was wrong. It is required that the @emph{xx}s
match MyOwnVPNIP.
@example
@c from the manpage
-It is perfectly ok for you to run more than one tinc daemon.
+It is perfectly OK for you to run more than one tinc daemon.
However, in its default form, you will soon notice that you can't use
two different configuration files without the -c option.
The effect of this is that the daemon will set its configuration
``root'' to /etc/tinc/nn/, where nn is your argument to the -n
-option. You'll notice that it appears in syslog as ``tincd.nn''.
+option. You'll notice that it appears in syslog as ``tinc.nn''.
However, it is not strictly necessary that you call tinc with the -n
option. In this case, the network name would just be empty, and it will
be used as such. tinc now looks for files in /etc/tinc/, instead of
-/etc/tinc/nn/; the configuration file should be /etc/tinc/tincd.conf,
+/etc/tinc/nn/; the configuration file should be /etc/tinc/tinc.conf,
and the passphrases are now expected to be in /etc/tinc/passphrases/.
But it is highly recommended that you use this feature of tinc, because
Before going on, first a bit on how tinc sees connections.
When tinc starts up, it reads in the configuration file and parses the
-commandline options. If it sees a `ConnectTo' value in the file, it will
-try to connect to it, on the given port. If this fails, tinc exits.
+command-line options. If it sees a `ConnectTo' value in the file, it
+will try to connect to it, on the given port. If this fails, tinc exits.
@c ==================================================================
@section Configuration file
The actual configuration of the daemon is done in the file
-@file{/etc/tinc/nn/tincd.conf}.
+@file{/etc/tinc/nn/tinc.conf}.
This file consists of comments (lines started with a #) or assignments
in the form of
@item Passphrases = directory
The directory where tinc will look for passphrases when someone tries to
-cennect. Please see the manpage for genauth(8) for more information
+connect. Please see the manpage for genauth(8) for more information
about passphrases as used by tinc.
@item PingTimeout = number
@item TapDevice = device
The ethertap device to use. Note that you can only use one device per
daemon. The info pages of the tinc package contain more information
-about configuring an ethertap device for linux.
+about configuring an ethertap device for Linux.
@end table
``gateway'' is the VPN IP address of the machine that is running the
tincd. ``internet IP'' is the IP address of the firewall, which does not
need to run tincd, but it must do a port forwarding of TCP&UDP on port
-655 (unless otherwise configured).e
+655 (unless otherwise configured).
In this example, it is assumed that eth0 is the interface that points to
the inner LAN of the office. This could be the same as the interface
ifconfig eth0 10.1.54.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 10.1.255.255
@end example
-and in /etc/tinc/tincd.conf:
+and in /etc/tinc/tinc.conf:
@example
TapDevice = /dev/tap0
ifconfig eth0 10.2.43.8 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 10.2.255.255
@end example
-and in /etc/tinc/tincd.conf:
+and in /etc/tinc/tinc.conf:
@example
TapDevice = /dev/tap0
ifconfig eth0 10.3.69.254 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 10.3.255.255
@end example
-and in /etc/tinc/A/tincd.conf:
+and in /etc/tinc/A/tinc.conf:
@example
MyVirtualIP = 10.3.69.254/16
ifconfig tap0 10.4.3.32 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 10.4.255.255
@end example
-and in /etc/tinc/tincd.conf:
+and in /etc/tinc/tinc.conf:
@example
MyVirtualIP = 10.4.3.32/16
@table @asis
@item -c, --config=FILE
Read configuration options from FILE. The default is
-@file{/etc/tinc/nn/tincd.conf}.
+@file{/etc/tinc/nn/tinc.conf}.
@item -d
Increase debug level. The higher it gets, the more gets
@item -k, --kill
Attempt to kill a running tincd and exit. A TERM signal (15) gets sent
-to the daemon that his its PID in /var/run/tincd.nn.pid.
+to the daemon that his its PID in /var/run/tinc.nn.pid.
Because it kills only one tincd, you should use -n here if you use it
normally.
don't take it too serious.
@menu
-* Encryption::
* Key Management::
-* Authentification:: How to be sure we're talking to the right person
+* Authentication::
* Protection::
@end menu
@c ==================================================================
-@node Encryption, Key Management, Security, Security
-@subsection Encryption
-
-Encryption algorithms come in lots of flavors, most of which are not
-safe enough to use on the Internet, if at all. Algorithms that we've
-considered using are: RSA, blowfish, twofish and IDEA.
-
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-@cindex RSA
-@emph{RSA} is patented. A fee must be paid if you use it, so it can't
-be used in an Open Source program.
-
-@item
-@cindex blowfish
-@emph{blowfish} was the standard encryption method at least up to version
-0.2.23, but as Dekan pointed out, it may not be all that secure. It is
-also patented, but it may be used freely.
-
-@item
-@cindex twofish
-@emph{twofish} should be better, but i've not seen a useable
-ready-to-use implementation somewhere out of the US. I'll remember this
-as a future encryption method.
-
-@item
-@cindex IDEA
-@emph{IDEA} is patented, and free for non-commercial use. It is going to
-be the standard encryption method.
-
-@end itemize
-
-You may choose any of the last three encryption methods in tinc. Please
-note, however, that ALL computers on your VPN must currenttly use the
-same. This should (among other things) be more flexible, tinc could for
-instance load a new encryption library the minute it is needed.
-
-
-@c ==================================================================
-@node Key Management, Authentification, Encryption, Security
+@node Key Management, Authentication, Security, Security
@subsection Key Management
@c FIXME: recheck
@c ==================================================================
-@node Authentification, Protection, Key Management, Security
-@subsection Authentification
+@node Authentication, Protection, Key Management, Security
+@subsection Authentication
@c FIXME: recheck
@cindex man-in-the-middle attack
Because the Diffie-Hellman protocol is in itself vulnerable to the
-``man-in-the-middle attack,'' we should introduce an authentification
+``man-in-the-middle attack,'' we should introduce an authentication
system.
We will let A transmit a passphrase that is also known to B encrypted
@c ==================================================================
-@node Protection, , Authentification, Security
+@node Protection, , Authentication, Security
@subsection Protecting your data
Now we have securely hidden our data. But a malicious cracker may still
@node Meta protocol, , Data protocol, The Protocol
@subsection The Meta protocol
-This protocol consists of separate packets of enformation, that are
+This protocol consists of separate packets of information, that are
generally formatted thusly:
@example
Originator of it all, co-author.
@item Wessel Dankers (Ubiq)
-General obfuscator of the code.
+General obfuscater of the code.
@end table
projects / tinc / blobdiff